|
Time
|
Event
|
|
1552 BC
|
Evers Papyrus
first describes diabetes
|
|
400 BC
|
Susutra
describes symptoms of diabetes and classifies types of diabetes
|
|
10 AD
|
Celsus
develops a clinical description of diabetes
|
|
20 AD
|
Aretaeus
coins the term diabetes and describes it as ‘ the melting of the flesh
and limbs into urine’
|
|
164 AD
|
Greek physician
Galen of Pergamum mistakenly diagnoses diabetes as an ailment of the kidneys
|
|
Up To 11th
Century
|
Greek physician
Galen of Pergamum mistakenly diagnoses diabetes as an ailment of the kidneys
|
|
16th Century
|
Paracelsus
identifies diabetes as a serious general disorder
|
|
Early 19th
Century
|
First chemical
tests developed to indicate and measure the presence of sugar in the urine
|
|
Late 1850’s
|
French
physician, Priorry, advises diabetic patients to eat extra large quantities
of sugar as treatment
|
|
1869
|
Paul Langerhans,
a German medical student, announces in a dissertation that the pancreas
contains two systems of cells. One set secretes the normal pancreatic juice;
the function of the other was unknown. Several years later, these cells
were identified at the ‘islets of Langerhans’.
|
|
1889
|
Oskar Minkowski
and Joseph von Mering at the University of Strasbourg, Austria, first remove
the pancreas from a dog to determine the effect of an absent pancreas on
digest
|
|
October
31, 1920
|
Dr. Frederick
Banting conceives the idea of insulin after reading Moses Barron’s ‘The
Relation of the Islets of Langerhans to Diabetes with Special Reference
to Cases of Pancreatic Lithiasis’ in the November issue of Surgery,
Gynecology and Obstetrics.
|
|
Summer
of 1921
|
Insulin
is discovered. Banting and Best obtain and purify islets of Langerhans
from an animal pancreas, inject the material (insulin) into a diabetic
animal and find a fall in blood sugar level.
|
|
January
23, 1922
|
Dr. Collip
tests insulin extracts on a 14 year-old boy named Leonard Thompson; the
treatment was considered a success
|
|
May 30,
1922
|
Eli Lilly
and Company and the University of Toronto enter a deal for the mass production
of insulin in North America
|
|
October
25, 1923
|
Dr. Banting
and his colleague Professor Macleod are awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology
and Medicine.
|
|
1959
|
Two major
types of diabetes are recognized; Type 1 (insulin dependent) and Type 2
(non-insulin dependent) diabetes.
|